Reference Values and Clinical Screening Test of Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls (DNIC) Using Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Inclusion Criteria

Healthy participants Inclusion Criteria: * 18-79 years old * No chronic pain * Able to provide consent Exclusion Criteria: * Cardiovascular disease (arrhythmia, cerebrovascular accident, infarction...) * Raynaud syndrome * Severe psychiatric disease (dementia, schizophrenia, psychosis, major depression) * Injuries or loss sensitivity to their forearms or hands * Pregnant women or in post-partum period (\<1 year) Participants with chronic pain Inclusion Criteria: * 18-79 years old * Chronic pain (chronic pain is defined by any regular pain for more than 6 months) * Able to provide consent Exclusion Criteria: * Cardiovascular disease (arrhythmia, cerebrovascular accident, infarction...) * Raynaud syndrome * Severe psychiatric disease (dementia, schizophrenia, psychosis, major depression) * Injuries or loss sensitivity to their forearms or hands * Pregnant women or in post-partum period (\<1 year) * Chronic pain caused by cancer or migraine