Artificial-Intelligence Assisted Opportunistic Screening for Valvular Heart Disease Using Non-contrast Chest CT Scans: A Prospective, Multicenter Study

Inclusion Criteria

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥ 18 years. 2. Complete electronic health record. 3. Non-contrast chest CT performed between Nov 1, 2025 - Nov 1, 2026 (physical exam or outpatient). 4. AI-predicted moderate or severe valvular heart disease, or deemed to require clinical intervention. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Poor-quality non-contrast chest CT images. 2. Incomplete clinical records, involving severe deficiencies in critical diagnostic results, treatment records, imaging data, surgical records, medical history summaries, laboratory test results, or other essential medical information. 3. Presence of prosthetic valve implants, including aortic valves (mechanical valves, bioprosthetic valves), mitral valves (transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, bioprosthetic valves, mechanical valves, annuloplasty rings), tricuspid valves (TEER clipping, bioprosthetic valves, mechanical valves, annuloplasty rings), pulmonary valves (bioprosthetic valves), etc. 4. Abnormalities or conditions deemed by the investigator to warrant exclusion from the study enrollment.