Patient and clinician engagement with generative artificial intelligence (GenAI): A scoping review of implications for patient-centered communication

Clinical Snapshot

Key Findings

• P Value: Not applicable for scoping review

• Effect Size: Not quantified - qualitative synthesis only

• Primary Outcome: Mixed impact of GenAI on patient-centered communication

• Nnt Or Sensitivity: Not applicable - descriptive review of communication impacts

• Confidence Interval: Not applicable for scoping review

Clinical Application

Variable - depends on institutional resources and regulatory frameworks Relevant to Australian digital health initiatives, but requires consideration of TGA medical device regulations and Privacy Act compliance for GenAI systems All healthcare settings considering GenAI implementation for patient communication

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of the emerging use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) within electronic health records and among the public on the patient-centeredness of communication in healthcare. METHOD: In this scoping review, we conducted a systematic search for peer-reviewed studies in PubMed and PsycInfo that empirically examined GenAI involvement in clinical communication. We then mapped study findings onto a well-established framework for patient-centered communication. RESULTS: Our search yielded 67 studies for analysis. Results suggest that integration of GenAI into healthcare communication has the potential to increase clinician efficiency in interacting with patients, to expand channels for patients to obtain information about their healthcare, and to enhance empathy in clinical communication. However, findings also indicate variability in the quality of information produced by GenAI, the potential for GenAI to recast the clinician as a technical supervisor rather than a humanistic care provider, and several issues of equity and privacy raised by engagement with GenAI. CONCLUSION: As GenAI becomes more prevalent in healthcare, rigorous examination of GenAI is needed to ensure that its development and implementation aids rather than hinders patient-centered communication. We conclude with an agenda for further research on GenAI grounded in the PCC framework underlying our review. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Findings from this review highlight the current potential benefits and limitations of GenAI as a third party to clinical communication. Continued efforts toward developing and applying GenAI for effective healthcare communication should focus on protecting patients from potential drawbacks and maximizing nascent benefits for patient-centered communication.

References

1. 1.Hahne, J., & Carpenter, B. D. (2026). Patient and clinician engagement with generative artificial intelligence (GenAI): A scoping review of implications for patient-centered communication. Patient Education and Counseling, 109492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2026.109492