DeepHybridCPI: A hybrid deep learning framework for compound-protein interaction prediction

Clinical Snapshot

Key Findings

• P Value: Not reported

• Effect Size: Not quantified in abstract

• Primary Outcome: Superior performance in AUC, Precision, and Recall compared to baseline methods

• Nnt Or Sensitivity: Specific AUC, precision, and recall values not provided in abstract

• Confidence Interval: Not reported

Clinical Application

Requires significant computational resources and bioinformatics expertise for implementation Could support TGA drug evaluation processes and pharmaceutical research in Australian institutions, but requires validation on local datasets and integration with existing drug discovery pipelines Researchers in computational drug discovery and pharmaceutical companies conducting virtual screening

Abstract

In bioinformatics, deep learning-based methods for Compound-Protein Interaction (CPI) prediction play a vital role in virtual screening, drug discovery, and drug repositioning. Recent improvements in computational methods have shown great possibility to save costs of experiment and speed up target identification. Nevertheless, the current CPI forecasting methods remain severely limited. Many rely on shallow Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that struggle to capture the global structural context of compounds, while conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) focus primarily on local sequence motifs and fail to model long-range dependencies in proteins. Even though a number of recent architectures strive to solve these problems by adding complexity to models, or by adding complex modules, these additions often cause significant computational overhead. To overcome these challenges, we propose DeepHybridCPI, a hybrid deep learning framework designed for accurate and efficient CPI prediction. Our hybrid model integrates a multiscale, densely connected GNN to extract compound features capturing both local substructures and global molecular topology, and employs CNNs with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to model both local motifs and extended dependencies in protein sequences. The learned compound and protein representations are fused into a unified latent space to enable effective interaction modeling. Experimental evaluations on benchmark Human and C. elegans datasets demonstrate that DeepHybridCPI consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art baseline methods in terms of AUC, Precision, and Recall. These findings highlight the importance of combining multiscale compound representations with hybrid sequence encoders within a single unified framework, providing a promising avenue for accelerating computational drug discovery. We release our source code and dataset at: https://github.com/jamshaidwarraich/DeepHybridCPI.

References

1. 1.Rasool, A., Rahman, J. U., & Ali, Q. (2026). DeepHybridCPI: A hybrid deep learning framework for compound-protein interaction prediction. Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, 109303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2026.109303